1.

Úvod

2.	Univerzální výskyt neverbální komunikace

3.	Neverbální komunikace jako první prostředek komunikace v lidské historii

4.	Studium neverbální komunikace

4.1.	Hlavní oblast výzkumu a jeho nástroje

4.2.	Všudypřítomnost neverbální komunikace v lidském jednání

4.3.	Univerzální význam neverbálních výrazů

4.4.	Vztah verbální a neverbální komunikace

4.5.	Interpretace neverbálních signálů

4.6.	Prostředky neverbální komunikace

4.6.1.

Fyzický vzhled

4.6.2.

Architektura

4.6.3.

Gesta

4.6.4.

Paralingvistické projevy

5.

Závěr

5.1.	Pokles významu neverbální komunikace v dnešním životě pod vlivem vědy

5.2.	Výzva k obnovení přirozeného přístupu ke světu a neverbální komunikace jako jeho výrazu

"Non-verbal communication is something that is and always has been with us no matter of our cultural or social background. In every society, there always were things untold and incorrect perceptions unfolded to the mass by those who believed to be the holders of the “key “of true and righteousness. As generations progressing as unit, in its own time and pace, the traditions and habits relating to acceptable and unacceptable models of behaviour, relationship between male-female, parent-child or just between slave and owner and the acceptance of human ownership, always had some rules that have never been told, but at all times observed by both sides. Nevertheless, this as all forms of communication have been developed by progress in communications and our abilities to express our feelings and opinions.
The best period in history of the world as we know him, would be the time of first man from Homo erectus (approximately 2 million years ago) up to Homo sapiens, which is us. Some may perhaps argue that evolution of man is nonsense and Man is creation of God. Some believe that evolution is ongoing process in which humankind acquired godlike abilities and powers. I do believe that humankind was created by God, but perhaps in different way than is commonly believed. However, this paper should not take scientific views in battle against creationist moreover question origin of Man. For us is important the fact that mankind was available to pick up challenge of speech and developed into master-craft, which we use today.

The early man, as we know from research done by Ruhlen Merritt (1994) with his human-like anatomy “they were not capable of producing sounds of a complexity comparable to modern speech. They may have communicated with a pre-language lacking the fully developed structure of human language but more developed than the basic communication used by chimpanzees”
That leads us to suggestion that the means of communication on this level of human evolution was indeed entirely based on non-verbal communication; therefore, all humans on some stage were and should be even now on some level able to communicate non-verbally. The issue that we face in this age are our inabilities to use tools that were clearly presented to us and developed and shaped by us millions years ago in order to attract attention of opposite sex, marked our territories, communicate in dangerous situations and expressed our thoughts and feelings between each other.
Is that all true? Is it all gone with world entirely relying upon sense of seeing and touching; “what I cannot see or touch does not exist” attitude in age of rationality clearly overpowers the traditional nature-touch approach. Society obsessed with it-self and pleasuring our senses all the time by watching movies, television, not having the need to explore anything as all is presented to us, therefore our senses are weakening and observational skills are not sharp as once used to be as we have nothing to fear of in comfort of our living rooms.

‘However, much of the study of non-verbal communication has focused on face-to-face interaction, where it can be classified into three principal areas: environmental conditions where communication takes place, the physical characteristics of the communicators, and behaviours of communicators during interaction.’ Knapp & Hall, 2002, p.7

In fact, it is only with easily available facilities for recording and analyzing human movements that the study of non-verbal communication really becomes possible. It is becoming increasingly important in studies of political rhetoric, psycho-dynamically charged communication and communication in virtual reality environments. Means of expression are means of communication that can be controlled directly without extra aids, e.g. bodily movements, voice, speech, gestures, touch, song, etc. Studies proved that non-verbal communication is cleverly hidden in all aspects of our daily lives in form of bodily communication such as gestures of our hands while we speak, even the tone of our voice or accent can say a lot of information about us or the speaker. While most of non-verbal communication is based on symbols or expressions, which will be different from culture to culture based on local, national habits and “rules of acceptance”, some of which may appear to someone from outside of this group as illogical, a vast proportion of this could be iconic and will be universally understood. Paul Ekman's influential 1960s studies of facial expression determined that expressions of anger, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness and surprise are universal. Therefore, we should be able to knowingly observe human behaviour and recognise this channel of communication and its message. Throughout studying facial expressions, body movements, body positioning and tone of voice as a signal which corresponds with specific feeling and intention. Non-verbal signals can be used without verbal communication to convey messages; when non-verbal behaviour does not successfully commune a message; verbal methods are used to improve understanding."