1.	The first evidence of human life in England

2.	The Bronze Age (2000 BC)

3.	Celtic Period (the Iron Age culture)- 800-55 BC

3.1.	Sir Gawain and the Green Knight

4.	Roman period (55 BC – 440 AD)

5.	Anglo-Saxon period ( 5th century – 1066)

5.1.	Literature

6.	The impact of the Vikings (800-1066)

7.

London

"- the first evidence of human life in England dates back to the glacial period
- thanks to the archaeological research:
- the early people lived in caves, hunted animals (mammoth, rhinoceros, wild bear), gathered plants
- findings: tools made of flint and bone

- 8000 BC the climate began to improve, glaciers melt, people moved to valleys
- agriculture introduced, which was called Neolithic revolution (4000 BC)
- people able to saw seeds, keep animals and make pottery, lived in huts (stone and wood)
- the main centres: Wiltshire (south of England), Wales

- the Bronze Age (2000 BC) – the time of monolithic civilisations :

- the Iberians – settled in Western England, Scotland and Wales
- the Beaker Folk – more developed than the Iberians, south and east of England
- their architecture characterized by monoliths= single stones used for monuments
- unknown purpose: religious-ritual centre, astronomical, calendar
- their presence inspired myths and legends as people have always wanted to explain their purpose
- centres: Wiltshire, Wales, Ireland, the Orkneys
Salisbury Plain with Stonehenge
Avebury- the largest stone circle in England
Silbury Hill- the largest prehistoric man-made mound (násep) in Europe
- worshipped gods connected with nature, believed in after-life: buried their dead with food and belongings in tombs called barrows (the West Kennet Long Barrow – opposite Avebury)
- marked their territory – Silbury Hill maybe a tribal marker
- the civilisations have brought indo-european languages


Celtic Period (the Iron Age culture)- 800-55 BC

- 2 main tribes: Goidelic – northwest Scotland and Ireland
Brythonic – South of England, Wales
- lived in clans in fortified settlements = oppida, later several kingdoms emerged
- good warriors – weapons made of bronze, gold, iron (spears swords)
- division of labour, equal position of men and women
- kings and priests=druids the highest social position, privileged"

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Práce čerpá ze zdroje: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sir_Gawain_and_the_Green_Knight.