1.

Australia

1.1	Inhabitants

1.2

Geografy

1.3

Nature

1.4	States and territories

2.	New Zealand

2.1

Geography

2.2	Inhabitants

2.3

Nature

2.4	Industry, agriculture, trade

2.5	What are new zealanders like?

“ New Zealand
New Zealand consists of two islands - North and South. It is situated in south-west Pacific Ocean and nearest are Australia on west (about 1500 kilometres away) and Fiji on north. It occupies an area about 270 000 km2 and has 4 million inhibitions. Population density is much higher than in Australia. More than 80% of the whole population live in urban areas.
Each of the two main islands is mainly hilly and mountainous. The east coast consists of fertile plains, especially the large Canterbury Plains on the South Island.
The North Island is warmer and summer, and there is a lot of volcano activity - there is a volcanic plateau is in its centre. It is smaller but almost 80% of the population live there. There is also the largest city Auckland and the capital Wellington, which is the political, economic, and cultural centre of the country
The South Island is colder; it has glaciers and there are situated Southern Alps with the highest peak called Mount Cook. Both islands are separated by the Cook Channel.
There are several important rivers, which are mainly short and torrential; most of them run swiftly to the sea. The largest lake - Taupo - is in the North Island.
About 70% of population are Europeans, especially British. Native people are called Maoris and make up only 15% of population.
Maoris came there before Europeans from Polynesia from Cook Islands in 13th century. The first European to reach New Zealand was a Dutch sailor, Abel Tasman, in 1642. However, it was the British naval officer James Cook who really explored the country and colonists and tradesmen soon followed him to the islands. After Abel Tasman Tasmania and Tasman Sea are named. NZ became a British colony in 1840 after the signing of the Treaty of Waitangi. NZ became formally independent from Britain in 1947 but it is still a member of the Commonwealth.
Officially English is spoken here but some people still speak Maori.
New Zealand is a constitutional monarchy in which the British monarch is the formal head of state and appoints a governor-general. Legislative power resides with the single-chamber House of Representatives (Parliament). There are two major parties - National and Labour.”

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