"There are about 300 million people in the US. The country is often called a “melting pot (místo mísení/střetu kultur, doslova tavící se kotlík)” because it is made up (skládá) of so many different ethnic groups. There are five major ones: White, Black, Hispanic, Asian and Native American (původní Američané).
The American political system is laid out in its Constitution (je stanoven v ústavě). The government is divided into (rozdělena ve) three branches (větve) the executive (výkoná), legislative (zákonodárná) and judicial )soudní). The executive branch is made up of (tvořena z) the president and his cabinet, or advisors (poradců). The legislative branch is the section that makes, the laws (zákony). It is made 'up of two houses, the Senate (senát) and the House of Representatives (sněmovna reprezentantů). Together they form the Congress (kongres). The judicial branch is the federal court (federální soud) system, which enforces (prasazuje) and defines (stanovuje) the laws made by Congress. The highest court in the country is called the Supreme Court (nejvyšší soud).
There are a lot of natural attractions in the US, such as Yellowstone National Park with its geysers and Yosemite National Park with its rocks and waterfalls (vodopády). The Grand Canyon is a spectacular canyon on the Colorado River. In Sequoia National Park you can find some of the largest living trees on Earth. Everglades National Park in Florida is a special wetland (mokřady) where you can see many animals including alligators.










The UK





The United Kingdom (UK) is a state located on the British Isles in the Atlantic Ocean, northwest of continental Europe. It is part of Europe but separated from France by the English Channel (Lamanšský průliv). The UK is made up of (sestává ze) four countries, England, Scotland, Northern Ireland and Wales.
Great Britain is the largest of the British Isles (1,000kmlong, 480km wide). Apart from (kromě) it, the UK occupies (zabírá) part of the island of Ireland and numerous other small islands.
The north and north-west of the country are more mountainous (hornatý), while (zatímco) the south and east have softer rolling hills (mírné vlněné kopce) and flat lands (roviny, rovný povrch). The longest river is the River Severn, flowing through (protékající) Wales and England, followed (následována) by the River Thames. The mild climate means that there are no real weather extremes.
The UK is a very populated country with over 60 million people. The main language spoken is English, but there are lots of regional dialects (accents) across the country. Gaelic (gaelsky) is spoken in some areas of Scotland, and Welsh is the second language spoken in Wales.
The UK is a constitutional monarchy (konstituční monarchie) and has a parliamentary democracy, but the country is also ruled by a monarch (vládne panovník) (the head of the royal family), currently (v současné době) Queen Elizabeth II. The major political parties are the Conservative Party (right wing) and the Labour Party (left wing) (hlavními politickými stranami jsou Konzervativní strana (pravicové křídlo) a labouristická strana (britská levice) ).
London is the capital and the biggest city. Other main cities are Manchester, Birmingham, Leeds, Edinburgh (hl. město Skotska), Glasgow, Newcastle, Cardiff ((hl. město Walesu), Belfast (hl. město Severního Irska) and Liverpool.
The UK has a lot of history. One of its oldest monuments is Stonehenge, a circle of stones which is 5,000 years old. The oldest human remains, found in Cheddar Gorge, are 9,000 years old.
Other famous places include the Scottish Highlands with Ben Nevis, the UK’s highest mountain (1,344 m), and Loch Ness in Scotland, the basalt columns of the Giant’s Causeway (čedičové sloupy v Giant's Causeway (česky Obrův chodník)) in Northern Ireland, the university towns of Oxford and Cambridge, Stratford-upon-Avon, where Shakespeare was born and of course London."

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